HMS Osmanieh (1906)

Osmanieh
History
United Kingdom
Name	SS Osmanieh (1906–16) HMS Osmanieh (1916–17)
Owner	Khedivial Mail Steamship & Graving Dock Co., Ltd
Port of registry	Southampton
Builder	Swan, Hunter & Wigham Richardson
Yard number	761
Launched	9 May 1906
Completed	August 1906
Identification	Registration number: 123690
Fate	Sunk by mine 31 December 1917
General characteristics
Type	passenger liner
Tonnage	4,041 GRT
Length	109.79 m (360.2 ft)
Beam	13.77 m (45.2 ft)
Installed power	650 NHP
Propulsion	quadruple expansion steam engines
Speed	17 knots (31 km/h)

HMS Osmanieh was a passenger and cargo ship that entered service in 1906. In 1916, the ship was requisitioned as a troopship and supply ship for the British Royal Navy in the First World War. On 31 December 1917, Osmanieh struck a mine laid by the Imperial German Naval U-boat SM UC-34 and sank at Alexandria, Egypt with the loss of 209 lives.

The ship

The 4,041-ton steamship Osmanieh was built at the shipyard Swan, Hunter & Wigham Richardson in Wallsend. She was launched on 9 May 1906 and completed in August of that year. The 109.79-metre (360.2 ft)-long and 13.77 metres (45.2 ft)-wide ship had a maximum draught of 7.40 meters (24.3 ft) and was equipped with quadruple expansion steam engines, which acted on two propellers and had a maximum speed of 17 knots (31 km/h) enabled. The engines were rated at 650 nominal horsepower.

Osmanieh was ordered for the British-Egyptian shipping company, Khedivial Mail Steamship & Graving Dock Co., Ltd., which had offices in London and Alexandria and the ship was designed as a combined passenger and cargo ship. The company was founded in 1898 to keep ships and ports in service for the Egyptian government. However, the ships sailed under the British flag and ran between Alexandria, Constantinople, Syria and other Mediterranean ports.

In September 1915 she was used to transport the 22nd Battalion from the Greek island of Lemnos to Anzac Cove on the Gallipoli Peninsula.

On 12 May 1916, Osmanieh was hired by the British Royal Navy as a Hired Transport (HT) for World War I military service and henceforth carried supplies and personnel. The ship was registered as Fleet Messenger No. 61 and received the Admiralty No. Y4.61. On 23 June 1917 the ship evaded two torpedoes when it was attacked by a German submarine.

Sinking

Commemorative plaque for the nurses who died in the sinking

On 17 December 1917, Osmanieh carrying soldiers and medical personnel left Southampton and set a course for Alexandria with a stopover in the southern Italian port city of Taranto. Taranto was reached on 28 December and Alexandria on 31 December. Even before the harbour entrance, the steamer was struck amidships on the starboard side at the position 31°10′8″N 29°48′3″E by a naval mine from a minefield left a few days earlier by the German submarine SM UC-34.

The ship sank in five to seven minutes, killing 209 people including eight nurses.

One of the survivors of the sinking of Osmanieh was Jack Cohen, then a member of the Royal Flying Corps. After the War he founded the British multinational retail chain Tesco.

References

• Kindell, Don (22 February 2011). "World War 1 - Casualty Lists of the Royal Navy and Dominion Navies 1st–31st December 1917, in date, ship/unit & name order". navalhistory.net. Retrieved 25 October 2008.
• Letters, Jan (2017). "HMS Osmanieh (Osmanich) [+1917]". Wrecksite.eu. Retrieved 31 December 2017.
• Helgason, Guðmundur (2017). "Ships hit during WWI: Osmanieh". Uboat.net. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
• Tennent, A. J. (2006). British Merchant Ships Sunk by U-boats in World War One. Periscope Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-90438-136-5. - Total pages: 258
• The Times (1918). The Times History of the War, Volume 16. London.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Wynn, Stephen; Wynn, Tanya (2017). Women in the Great War. Pen & Sword Books Limited. ISBN 978-1-47386-542-6. - Total pages: 152